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Constitution / Part I

Part I · Articles 1 to 4

Can a Stateleave India?

The Union and its Territory: what India is, how new States come in, and how Parliament can redraw the map.

Take the 32-question testWatch on YouTube
Part I video thumbnail37 min · goes live at launch

Narration in an AI model of Krish's own voice, used with permission. Intro by Krish.

Inside the video

  1. Hi, I'm Krish
  2. Page one, sentence one
  3. Article 1: Name and territory of the Union
  4. Two names, one country
  5. Why “Union”, not “Federation”
  6. What counts as India
  7. Article 1: real examples
  8. Article 2: Admission of new States
  9. The Sikkim story
  10. Article 2 vs Article 3
  11. The Berubari case
  12. Article 3: New States, borders and names
  13. Five powers of Parliament
  14. Consult, not consent
  15. Telangana, 2014
  16. Article 4: The Schedules
  17. The simple-majority rule
  18. How the four Articles fit together
  19. Key callouts for revision
  20. Recap
  21. What's next

Free downloads

The study pack

Revision sheetOne page, for the night beforeStudy notes12 pages, the full notesPrintable test32 questions, pen and paperAnswer keyEvery answer, with the reason

Part I in one minute

The four Articles

Article 1

Name and territory of the Union

India is a Union of States. The names and areas of the States and Union Territories are listed in the First Schedule.

Read this Article in full

Article 2

Admitting or establishing new States

Parliament can do this by an ordinary law. It brings land in and never gives land away.

Article 3

Changing existing States

Parliament can form a new State, increase or diminish its area, or alter its boundaries or name. The State is consulted, but it cannot stop the law.

Article 4

The helper Article

A law under Article 2 or 3 also updates the Schedules. It is not an amendment under Article 368, so a simple majority is enough.

Exam traps

  • The affected State is consulted, but its consent is not needed.
  • Giving land to another country needs a constitutional amendment (Berubari, 1960, then the 9th Amendment).
  • Sikkim joined by the 36th Amendment (1975), not an ordinary Article 2 law.
  • Article 2 is new land coming in. Article 3 is existing States being changed.

Short clips from this episode

  • What's on page one of the Constitution
  • India or Bharat
  • Can a State leave India
  • What counts as India
  • How Sikkim became a State
  • Can India give away its land
  • Can Parliament redraw India's map
  • A new State by simple majority

Spotted a mistake? Write to krishsimplifies.official@gmail.com and we will check it against the source and correct it.